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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mateltech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Материалы электронной техники</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-3577</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-6387</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MISIS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1609-3577-2015-1-43-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mateltech-154</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Междисциплинарный научно–практич. семинар «Математическое моделирование в материаловедении электронных наноструктур»</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL SEMINAR «MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN MATERIALS ELECTRONIC NANOSTRUCTURES»</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПУТЕЙ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ БАТАРЕЙ ВТОРОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ МЕТОДОМ МНОГОУРОВНЕВОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of Optimization Options for Second Generation Solar Cell Materials by Multilevel Modeling</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красиков</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasikov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат физ.−мат. наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.−Math.), Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krasikov@kintechlab.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Книжник</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knizhnik</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат физ.− мат. наук, руководитель проектов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.−Math.), Project Manager</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">knizhnik@kintechlab.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гавриков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапкин</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapkin</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат физ.−мат. наук, генеральный директор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.−Math.), General director</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potapkin@kintechlab.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Кинтех Лаб», пл. акад. Курчатова, д. 1, Москва, 123182, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kintech Lab Ltd., 1 Academician Kurchatov Sq., Moscow 123182, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Кинтех Лаб», пл. акад. Курчатова, д. 1, Москва, 123182, Россия&#13;
НИЦ «Курчатовский институт», пл. акад. Курчатова, д. 1, Москва, 123182, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kintech Lab Ltd., 1 Academician Kurchatov Sq., Moscow 123182, Russia&#13;
National Research Centre (NRC «Kurchatov Institute»), 1 Academician Kurchatov Sq., Moscow 123182, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Красиков Д.Н., Книжник А.В., Гавриков А.В., Потапкин Б.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Красиков Д.Н., Книжник А.В., Гавриков А.В., Потапкин Б.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krasikov D.N., Knizhnik A.A., Gavrikov A.V., Potapkin B.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/154">https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/154</self-uri><abstract><p>Теоретическое исследование путей оптимизации свойств слоя поглотителя CdTe является важной задачей на пути повышения эффективности тонкопленочных солнечных элементов на основе гетероперехода CdTe/CdS. Свойства получаемых материалов, такие как плотность свободных носителей заряда, часто сильно зависят от параметров процессов осаждения слоев и их последующей обработки, в существенной степени определяющих дефектный состав получаемых материалов. </p><p>Для описания зависимости скорости процесса осаждения CdTe от температуры и потоков Cd и Te разработана модель на основе решеточного кинетического метода Монте–Карло. </p><p>Для определения влияния условий обработки CdTe на проводимость разработана квазихимическая модель, основанная на уравнении электронейтральности для концентраций точечных дефектов, описываемых константами реакций образования дефектов. </p><p>При разработке моделей использованы значения параметров дефектов и реакций, полученных из первопринципных расчетов с помощью теории функционала плотности. Разработанная модель осаждения корректно описывает переход от испарения к осаждению, а также повышение скорости испарения при избытке Cd. Для объяснения наблюдаемых электрических свойств CdTe после обработки Cl квазихимическая модель дефектов дополнена глубоким акцепторным комплексным дефектом, что позволило описать как высокотемпературную зависимость проводимости от давления кадмия, так и зависимость сопротивления от концентрации хлора при комнатной температуре. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Theoretical analysis of optimization options for the properties of CdTe absorber layer is an important task for increasing the efficiency of CdTe/CdS heterojunction based thin−film solar cells. Properties of the materials (e.g. the density of free carriers) often depend essentially on the parameters of the deposition process and subsequent treatment which determine the defect composition of the material. In this work a model based on the lattice kinetic Monte−Carlo method is developed to describe the process of CdTe deposition as a function of temperature and Cd and Te fluxes. To determine the effect of the treatment conditions on CdTe conductivity, we developed a quasichemical model based on the electrical neutrality equation for point defects concentrations that are described by defects formation reaction constants. Parameter obtained from the first−principles density functional calculations were used when developing the models. The developed deposition model correctly describes the transition from evaporation to precipitation as well as the increased evaporation rates in excess of Cd. To explain the observed electrical properties of CdTe after Cl−treatment, we complemented the quasichemical defect model by a deep acceptor complex defect that allowed us to describe both the high−temperature dependence of conductivity on the Cd pressure and the dependence of resistivity on Cl concentration at room temperature. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>многоуровневое моделирование</kwd><kwd>кинетический метод Монте–Карло</kwd><kwd>первопринципные расчеты</kwd><kwd>квазихимическая модель дефектов</kwd><kwd>II–VI полупроводники</kwd><kwd>дефекты в кристаллах</kwd><kwd>солнечные элементы.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multi−scale modeling</kwd><kwd>kinetic Monte Carlo</kwd><kwd>first principles calculations</kwd><kwd>quasichemical model for point defects</kwd><kwd>II−VI semiconductors</kwd><kwd>defects in crystals</kwd><kwd>solar cells.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Green, M. 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