<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mateltech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Материалы электронной техники</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-3577</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-6387</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MISIS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1609-3577-2015-4-246-254</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mateltech-222</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Материаловедение и технология. Диэлектрики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. DIELECTRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ ЛЕГИРУЮЩЕЙ ПРИМЕСИ ОКСИДА ИТТРИЯ НА СТРУКТУРУ И СВОЙСТВА КРИСТАЛЛОВ (ZrO₂)0,91−x(Sc₂O₃)0,09(Y₂O₃)х (x = 0÷0,02)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INFLUENCE OF YTTRIA DOPANT ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES of (ZrO₂)0,91−x(Sc₂O₃)0,09(Y₂O₃)х (x = 0÷0,02) crystals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агарков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agarkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агарков Дмитрий Александрович — младший научный сотрудник </p><p>ул. Академика Осипьяна д. 2, Черноголовка, Московская обл., 142432</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Agarkov — Junior Researcher</p><p>2 Academician Ossipyan Str., Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agarkov@issp.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борик</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borik</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борик Михаил Александрович — кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 38, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Borik — Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher </p><p>38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boric@lst.gpi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бредихин</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bredihin</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бредихин Сергей Иванович — доктор физико-математических наук, зам. директора, заведующий лабораторией спектроскопии дефектных структур.</p><p>Академика Осипьяна д. 2, Черноголовка, Московская обл., 142432</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Bredihin — Dr. Sci. (Phys.−Math.), Deputy Director, Head of Laboratory </p><p>2 Academician Ossipyan Str., Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bredikh@issp.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бублик</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bublik</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бублик Владимир Тимофеевич — доктор физико-математических наук, профессор </p><p>Ленинский просп., д. 4, Москва, 119049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir T. Bublik — Dr. Sci. (Phys.−Math.), Professor </p><p>4 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bublik_vt@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исхакова</surname><given-names>Л. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskhakova</surname><given-names>L. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исхакова Людмила Дмитриевна — кандидат химических наук, зав. аналитическим центром «Научный центр волоконной оптики РАН» </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 38, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila D. Iskhakova — Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Head of the Analytical Center </p><p>38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ldisk@fo.gpi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулебякин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulebyakin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулебякин Алексей Владимирович — кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 38, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksej V. Kulebyakin — Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher</p><p>38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulebyakin@lst.gpu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курицына</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuritsyna</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курицына Ирина Евгеньевна — младший научный сотрудник </p><p>ул. Академика Осипьяна д. 2, Черноголовка, Московская обл., 142432</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina E. Kuritsyna — Junior Researcher </p><p>2 Academician Ossipyan Str., Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koneva@issp.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломонова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomonova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ломонова Елена Евгеньевна — доктор технических наук, зав. лабораторией </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 38, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena E. Lomonova — Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Head of Laboratory </p><p>38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lomonova@lst.gpi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милович</surname><given-names>Ф. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milovich</surname><given-names>F. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милович Филипп Олегович — инженер</p><p>Ленинский просп., д. 4, Москва, 119049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Filipp O. Milovich — Engineer </p><p>4 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">philippmilovich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мызина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myzina</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мызина Валентина Алексеевна — научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 38, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Myzina — Researcher </p><p>38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vamyzina@lst.gpi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серяков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seryakov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei V. Seryakov— Junior Researcher , Postgraduate Student of MISIS </p><p>38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Germes.seryakov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Табачкова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tabachkova</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Табачкова Наталия Юрьевна — кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент </p><p>Ленинский просп., д. 4, Москва, 119049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya Yu. Tabachkova — Cand. Sci. (Phys.−Math.), Assoc. Prof. </p><p>4 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ntabachkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН Институт физики твердого тела Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Solid State Physics RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей физики им. А. М. Прохорова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Prokhorov General Physics Institute RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»,</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей физики им. А. М. Прохорова РАН; &#13;
Научный центр волоконной оптики РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Prokhorov General Physics Institute RAS; &#13;
Fiber Optics Research Center RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей физики им. А. М. Прохорова РАН; &#13;
Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Prokhorov General Physics Institute RAS; &#13;
National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>246</fpage><lpage>254</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Агарков Д.А., Борик М.А., Бредихин С.И., Бублик В.Т., Исхакова Л.Д., Кулебякин А.В., Курицына И.Е., Ломонова Е.Е., Милович Ф.О., Мызина В.А., Серяков С.В., Табачкова Н.Ю., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Агарков Д.А., Борик М.А., Бредихин С.И., Бублик В.Т., Исхакова Л.Д., Кулебякин А.В., Курицына И.Е., Ломонова Е.Е., Милович Ф.О., Мызина В.А., Серяков С.В., Табачкова Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Agarkov D.A., Borik M.A., Bredihin S.I., Bublik V.T., Iskhakova L.D., Kulebyakin A.V., Kuritsyna I.E., Lomonova E.E., Milovich F.O., Myzina V.А., Seryakov S.V., Tabachkova N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/222">https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/222</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследовано влияние на фазовый состав, структуру и электрофизические свойства полученных кристаллов введения в твердые растворы ZrO2 — 9 % (мол.) Sc2O3 дополнительного легирующего оксида Y2O3 в количестве 1 и 2 % (мол.). Показано, что совместная стабилизация 9 % (мол.) Sc2O3 и 2 % (мол.) Y2O3 твердых растворов на основе ZrO2 позволяет получить прозрачные однородные кристаллы с кубической структурой, которые обладают высокой фазовой устойчивостью. Установлено, что механическое измельчение таких кристаллов не изменило их фазовый состав, в порошках сохранилась исходная флюоритовая структура кристаллов. Выявлено, что все исследованные кристаллы обладали высокой микротвердостью и низкой трещиностойкостью. Увеличение концентрации Y2O3 в кристаллах обусловило уменьшение максимальных нагрузок на индентор, которые выдерживал образец без появления трещин. Показано, что удельная проводимость носит немонотонный характер в зависимости от концентрации Y2O3 в кристаллах. Увеличение в составе твердого электролита содержания Y2O3 до 2 % (мол.) уменьшило проводимость кристаллов во всем диапазоне температур, что связано со снижением подвижности носителей заряда из−за увеличения ионного радиуса стабилизирующего иона. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We have studied the influence of dopant Y2O3 oxide (1 and 2 mol.%) on the phase composition, structure and electrical properties of the ZrO2 — 9 mol.% Sc2O3 solid solution. We have shown that stabilization of ZrO2 jointly with 9 mol.% Sc2O3 and 2 mol.% Y2O3 allows one to obtain transparent homogeneous crystals with a cubic structure which have a high phase stability. Mechanical grinding of these crystals did not lead to a change in the phase composition of the powders. The powders inherited the original structure of the fluorite crystals. All the test crystals had high microhardness and low fracture toughness. Increasing the concentration of Y2O3 in crystals led to the need to reduce maximum loads on the indenter that the sample could withstand without cracking. We have shown that the conductivity varies nonmonotonically with increasing Y2O3 concentration in the crystals. An increase in the Y2O3 content to 2 mol. % in the composition of the solid electrolyte reduces the conductivity of the crystals in entire temperature range which is caused with a decrease in carrier mobility due to increasing ion radius of the stabilizing ion.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>твердые электролиты</kwd><kwd>диоксид циркония</kwd><kwd>рост кристаллов</kwd><kwd>монокристаллы</kwd><kwd>фазовые переходы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>solid electrolytes</kwd><kwd>zirconia</kwd><kwd>crystal growth</kwd><kwd>single crystals</kwd><kwd>phase transitions</kwd><kwd>twins</kwd><kwd>ionic conductivity</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований (№ 14−29−04081 и № 13−03−12408).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Russian Federal Property Foundation (grants Nos. 14–29–04081 and 13–03–12408)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badwal, S. P. S. Scandia−zirconia electrolytes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell operation / S. P. S. Badwal, F. T. Ciacchi, D. Milosevic // Solid State Ionics. − 2000. − V. 136–137. − P. 91—99. DOI: 10.1016/S0167−2738(00)00356-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Badwal S. P. S., Ciacchi F. T., Milosevic D. Scandia−zirconia electrolytes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell operation. Solid State Ionics, 2000, vol. 136–137, pp. 91—99. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-2738(00)00356-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kharton, V. V. Transport properties of solid oxide electrolyte ceramics: a brief review / V. V. Kharton, F. M. B. Marques, A. Atkinson // Solid State Ionics. − 2004. − V. 174, iss. 1–4. − P. 135—149. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.06.015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kharton V. V., Marques F. M. B., Atkinson A. Transport properties of solid oxide electrolyte ceramics: a brief review. Solid State Ionics, 2004, vol. 174, no. 1–4, pp. 135—149. DOI: 10.1016/j. ssi.2004.06.015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fergus, J. W. Electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells / J. W. Fergus // J. Power Sources. − 2006. − V. 162, iss. 1. − P. 30—40. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.062</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fergus J. W. Electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells. J. Power Sources, 2006, vol. 162, no. 1, pp. 30—40. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour. 2006.06.062</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yokokawa, H. Solid oxide electrolytes for high temperature fuel cells / H. Yokokawa, N. Sakai, T. Horita, K. Yamaji, M. E. Brito // Electrochemistry. − 2005. − V. 73, iss. 1. − P. 20—30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yokokawa H., Sakai N., Horita T., Yamaji K., Brito M. E. Solid oxide electrolytes for high temperature fuel cells. Electrochemistry, 2005, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 20—30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Politova, T. I. Investigation of scandia−yttria−zirconia system as an electrolyte material for intermediate temperature fuel cells— influence of yttria content in system (Y2O3)x(Sc2O3)(11−x)(ZrO2)89 / T. I. Politova, J. T. S. Irvine // Solid State Ionics. − 2004. − V. 168, N 1–2. − P. 153—165. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.02.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Politova T. I., Irvine J. T. S. Investigation of scandia−yttria− zirconia system as an electrolyte material for intermediate temperature fuel cells—influence of yttria content in system (Y2O3)x (Sc2O3)(11−x)(ZrO2)89. Solid State Ionics, 2004, vol. 168, no. 1–2, pp. 153—165. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.02.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wakako, A. Fracture mechanism of scandia−doped zirconia / A. Wakako, D. Hanashiro, Y. Arai, J. Malzbender // Acta Materialia. − 2013. − V. 61, iss. 8. − P. 3082—3089. DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat. 2013.01.068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wakako A., Hanashiro D., Arai Y., Malzbender J. Fracture mechanism of scandia−doped zirconia. Acta Materialia, 2013, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3082—3089. DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.01.068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fujimori, H. Structural changes of scandia−doped zirconia solid solutions: rietveld analysis and saman scattering / H. Fujimori, M. Yashima, M. Kakihana, M. Yoshimura // J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. − 1998. − V. 81, iss. 11. − P. 2285—2293. DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998. tb02710.x 8. Simoncic, P. Systematics of phase transition and mixing energetics in rare earth / P. Simoncic, A. Navrotsky // J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. − 2007. − V. 90, iss. 7. − P. 2143—2150. DOI: 10.1111/j.15512916.2007.01678.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fujimori H., Yashima M., Kakihana M., Yoshimura M. Structural changes of scandia−doped zirconia solid solutions: rietveld analysis and saman scattering. J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 1998, vol. 81, no. 11, pp. 2285—2293. DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02710.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spirin, A. Scandia−stabilized zirconia doped with yttria: Synthesis, properties, and ageing behavior / A. Spirin, V. Ivanov, A. Nikonov, A. Lipilin, S. Paranin, V. Khrustov, A. Spirina // Solid State Ionics. − 2012. − V. 225. − P. 448—452. DOI: 10.1016/j. ssi.2012.02.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simoncic P., Navrotsky A. Systematics of phase transition and mixing energetics in rare earth. J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 2007, vol. 90, no. 7, pp. 2143—2150. DOI: 10.1111/j.1551−2916.2007.01678.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tataryn, T. Twin structure of the ZrO2−Sc2O3 crystal / T. Tataryn, D. Savytskii, C. Paulmann, U. Bismayer // Crystal Ra diation Physics and Chemistry. − 2009. − V. 78, iss. 10. − P. 101—104. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.03.088</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spirin A., Ivanov V., Nikonov A., Lipilin A., Paranin S., Khrustov V., Spirina A. Scandia−stabilized zirconia doped with yttria: Synthesis, properties, and ageing behavior. Solid State Ionics, 2012, vol. 225, pp. 448—452. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2012.02.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shobit, O. Electrical conductivity of 10 mol% Sc2O3–1 mol% M2O3–ZrO2 ceramics / O. Shobit, W. B. Najib, W. Chen, N. Bonanos // J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. − 2012. − V. 95, iss. 6. − P. 1965—1972. DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05126.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tataryn T., Savytskii D., Paulmann C., Bismayer U. Twin structure of the ZrO2−Sc2O3 crystal. Crystal Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2009, vol. 78, no. 10, pp. 101—104. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem. 2009.03.088</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agarkov, D. A. Analysis of interfacial processes at the SOFC electrodes by in−situ Raman spectroscopy / D. A. Agarkov, I. N. Burmistrov, F. M. Tsybrov, I. I. Tartakovskii, V .V. Kharton, S. I. Bredikhin, V. V. Kveder // ECST. − 2015. − V. 68, iss. 1. − P. 2093— 2103. DOI: 10.1149/06801.2093ecst</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shobit O., Najib W. B., Chen W., Bonanos N. Electrical conductivity of 10 mol% Sc2O3–1 mol% M2O3–ZrO2 ceramics. J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 2012, vol. 95, no. 6, pp. 1965—1972. DOI: 10.1111/j.15512916.2012.05126.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yashima, M. Metastable−stable phase diagrams in the zirconia− containing systems utilized in solid−oxide fuel cell application / M. Yashima, M. Kakihana, M. Yoshimura // Solid State Ionics. − 1996. − V. 86–88, Pt 2. − P. 1131—1149. DOI: 10.1016/0167−2738(96)00386-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agarkov D. A., Burmistrov I. N., Tsybrov F. M., Tartakovskii I. I., Kharton V .V., Bredikhin S. I., Kveder V. V. Analysis of interfacial processes at the SOFC electrodes by in−situ Raman spectroscopy. ECST, 2015, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 2093—2103. DOI: 10.1149/06801.2093ecst</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiba, R. Ionic conductivity and morphology in Sc2O3 and Al2O3 doped ZrO2 films prepared by the sol−gel method / R. Chiba, F. Yoshimura, J. Yamaki, T. Ishii, T. Yonezawa, K. Endou // Solid State Ionics. − 1997. − V. 104, iss. 3–4. − P. 259—266. DOI: 10.1016/ S0167-2738(97)00423-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yashima M., Kakihana M., Yoshimura M. Metastable−stable phase diagrams in the zirconia−containing systems utilized in solid− oxide fuel cell application. Solid State Ionics, 1996, vol. 86–88, pt 2, pp. 1131—1149. DOI: 10.1016/0167-2738(96)00386-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheu, T.−S. Phase relationships in the ZrO2—Sc2O3 and ZrO2—In2O3 systems / T.−S. Sheu, J. Xu, T.−Y. Tien // J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. − 1993. − V. 76, iss. 8. − P. 2027—2032. DOI: 10.1111/j.11512916.1993.tb08328.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiba R., Yoshimura F., Yamaki J., Ishii T., Yonezawa T., Endou K. Ionic conductivity and morphology in Sc2O3 and Al2O3 doped ZrO2 films prepared by the sol−gel method. Solid State Ionics, 1997, vol. 104, no. 3–4, pp. 259—266. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-2738(97)00423-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузьминов, Ю. С. Тугоплавкие материалы из холодного тигля / Ю. С. Кузьминов, Е. Е. Ломонова, В. В. Осико. − М. : Наука, 2004. − 372 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheu T.−S., Xu J., Tien T.−Y. Phase relationships in the ZrO2—Sc2O3 and ZrO2—In2O3 systems. J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 1993, vol. 76, no. 8, pp. 2027—2032. DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1993. tb08328.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borik, M. A. Phase composition, structure and mechanical properties of PSZ (partially stabilized zirconia) crystals as a function of stabilizing impurity content / M. A. Borik, V. T. Bublik, A. V. Kulebyakin, E. E. Lomonova, F. O. Milovich, V. A. Myzina, V. V. Osiko, N. Y. Tabachkova // J. Alloys and Compounds. − 2014. − V. 586. − P. 231—235. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.01.126</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzminov Yu. S., Lomonova E. E., Osiko V. V. Tugoplavkie materialy iz kholodnogo tiglya [Refractory materials from a cold crucible]. Moscow: Nauka, 2004. 372 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андриевская, Е. Р. Фазовые равновесия в системах оксидов гафния, циркония, иттрия с оксидами редкоземельных элементов / Е. Р. Андриевская. − К. : Наукова думка, 2010. − 472 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borik M. A., Bublik V. T., Kulebyakin A. V., Lomonova E. E., Milovich F. O., Myzina V. A., Osiko V. V., Tabachkova N. Y. Phase composition, structure and mechanical properties of PSZ (partially stabilized zirconia) crystals as a function of stabilizing impurity content. J. Alloys and Compounds, 2014, vol. 586, pp. 231—235. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.01.126</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fujimori, H. −cubic phase transition of scandia− doped zirconia solid solution: Calorimetry, X−ray diffraction, and Raman scattering / H. Fujimori, M. Yashima, M. Kakihana, M. Yoshimura // J. Appl. Phys. − 2002. − V. 91, iss. 10. − P. 6493—6498. DOI: 10.1063/1.1471576</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrievskaya E. R. Fazovye ravnovesiya v sistemakh oksidov gafniya, tsirkoniya, ittriya s oksidami redkozemel'nykh elementov [Phase equilibria in systems of hafnium, zirconium, yttrium oxides with oxides of rare−earth elements]. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 2010. 472 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arachi, Y. Electrical conductivity of the ZrO − Ln2O3 (Ln=lanthanides) system / Y. Arachi, H. Sakai, O. Yamamoto, Y. Takeda, N. Imanishai // Solid State Ionics. − 1999. − V. 121, N 1–4. − P. 133—139. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-2738(98)00540-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fujimori H., Yashima M., Kakihana M., Yoshimura M. −cubic phase transition of scandia−doped zirconia solid solution: Calorimetry, X−ray diffraction, and Raman scattering. J. Appl. Phys., 2002, vol. 91, no. 10, pp. 6493—6498. DOI: 10.1063/1.1471576</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arachi Y., Sakai H., Yamamoto O., Takeda Y., Imanishai N. Electrical conductivity of the ZrO — Ln2O3 (Ln = lanthanides) system. Solid State Ionics, 1999, vol. 121, no. 1–4, pp. 133—139. DOI: 10.1016/ S0167-2738(98)00540-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arachi Y., Sakai H., Yamamoto O., Takeda Y., Imanishai N. Electrical conductivity of the ZrO — Ln2O3 (Ln = lanthanides) system. Solid State Ionics, 1999, vol. 121, no. 1–4, pp. 133—139. DOI: 10.1016/ S0167-2738(98)00540-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
