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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mateltech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Материалы электронной техники</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-3577</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-6387</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MISIS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1609-3577-2021-1-5-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mateltech-419</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы получения трихлорсилана для производства поликристаллического кремния</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methods of trichlorosilane synthesis for polycrystalline silicon production</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яркин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jarkin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лангбаугштрассе, д. 15, Тройсдорф, 53842</p><p>Владимир Н. Яркин — канд. техн. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Langbaurghstraße, Troisdorf-Spich 53842</p><p>Vladimir N. Jarkin: Cand. Sci. (Eng.), PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.vladimir_jarkin@t-online.de</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кисарин</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kisarin</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соборный просп., д. 226, Запорожье, 69006</p><p>Олег Алексеевич Кисарин — канд. техн. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>226 Soborny Ave., Zaporizhzhia 69006</p><p>Oleg A. Kisarin: PhD, Assistant Professor </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">okisarin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-0460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Критская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kritskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соборный просп., д. 226, Запорожье, 69006</p><p>Татьяна Владимировна Критская — доктор техн. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой электронных систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>226 Soborny Ave., Zaporizhzhia 69006</p><p>Tatyana V. Kritskaya: Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Head of Department </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krytskaja2017@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Wachendorff-Chemie GmbH</institution><country>Германия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Wachendorff-Chemie GmbH</institution><country>Germany</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Инженерный учебно-научный институт Запорожского национального университета</institution><country>Украина</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Engineering Educational and Scientific Institute of Zaporozhye National University</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яркин В.Н., Кисарин О.А., Критская Т.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яркин В.Н., Кисарин О.А., Критская Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Jarkin V.N., Kisarin O.A., Kritskaya T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/419">https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/419</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе проведен анализ новых технических решений и идей, направленных на повышение производительности процессов получения поликристаллического кремния «солнечного» и полупроводникового качества. Доминирующей технологией поликристаллического кремния остается Сименс-процесс, включающий перевод технического кремния (получаемого карботермическим восстановлением кварцитов) в трихлорсилан с последующими ректификационной очисткой и водородным восстановлением. Для снижения стоимости получаемого кремния необходимо уменьшать затраты на производство трихлорсилана путем совершенствования технологии и аппаратурного оформления. Рассмотрены преимущества, недостатки и пути снижения производственных затрат четырех известных методов получения трихлорсилана: взаимодействием хлористого водорода с техническим кремнием «direct chlorination» (DC), гомогенным гидрированием тетрахлорсилана (конверсией), реакцией тетрахлорсилана и водорода с кремнием «hydro chlorination silicon» (HC), а также взаимодействием тетрахлорсилана и дихлорслана в присутствии катализатора (реакцией перераспределения или анти-диспропорционирования). Эти методы остаются актуальными и постоянно совершенствуются. Большую роль играют каталитические процессы на поверхности кремния, понимание механизма которых позволит найти новые приложения и получить новые результаты. Отмечено, что необходимыми элементами аппаратурно-технологических схем являются рециклы и совмещенные процессы, в том числе реактивная дистилляция. Это позволяет наиболее полно использовать исходный трихлорсилан, получать полезные продукты и снижать стоимость изготавливаемого кремния.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Novel technical solutions and ideas for increasing the yield of solar and semiconductor grade polycrystalline silicon processes have been analyzed. The predominant polycrystalline silicon technology is currently still the Siemens process including the conversion of technical grade silicon (synthesized by carbon-thermal reduction of quartzites) to trichlorosilane followed by rectification and hydrogen reduction. The cost of product silicon can be cut down by reducing the trichlorosilane synthesis costs through process and equipment improvement. Advantages, drawbacks and production cost reduction methods have been considered with respect to four common trichlorosilane synthesis processes: hydrogen chloride exposure of technical grade silicon (direct chlorination, DC), homogeneous hydration of tetrachlorosilane (conversion), tetrachlorosilane and hydrogen exposure of silicon (hydro chlorination silicon, HC), and catalyzed tetrachlorosilane and dichlorosilane reaction (redistribution of anti-disproportioning reaction). These processes remain in use and are permanently improved. Catalytic processes play an important role on silicon surface, and understanding their mechanisms can help find novel applications and obtain new results. It has been noted that indispensable components of various equipment and process designs are recycling steps and combined processes including active distillation. They provide for the most complete utilization of raw trichlorosilane, increase the process yield and cut down silicon cost</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кремний</kwd><kwd>поликристаллический кремний</kwd><kwd>Сименс-процесс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>direct chlorination</kwd><kwd>hydro chlorination silicon</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мировая энергетика. http://www.eeseaec.org</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World energy. (In Russ.). http://www.eeseaec.org</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colthore A. Lux research utility-scale solar can complete with natural gas by 2025. www.pv-tech.org/news/31983 (дата обращения: 03.12.2013)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colthore A. 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