mateltechИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Материалы электронной техникиIzvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering1609-35772413-6387MISIS10.17073/1609-3577j.met202311.568mateltech-568Research ArticleФизические свойства и методы исследованияPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR STUDYМеханические свойства среднетемпературных термоэлектрических материалов на основе теллуридов олова и свинцаMechanical properties of medium-temperature thermoelectric materials based on tin and lead tellurideshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2845-8366ЛаврентьевМ. Г.LavrentevM. G.

Варшавское ш., д. 46, Москва, 115230

Лаврентьев Михаил Геннадьевич — канд. физ.-мат. наук, старший научный сотрудник

46 Warshavskoe Highway, Moscow 115230

Mikhail G. Lavrentev — Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Researcher

lavrentev.mihail@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7831-194XВороновМ. В.VoronovM. V.

пл. Академика Курчатова, д. 1, Москва, 123182

Воронов Михаил Викторович — лаборант-исследователь

1 Kurchatov Sq., Moscow 123182

Mikhail V. Voronov — Research Assistant

vormike@gmail.comИвановА. А.IvanovA. A.

пл. Академика Курчатова, д. 1, Москва, 123182

Иванов Алексей Александрович — научный сотрудник

1 Kurchatov Sq., Moscow 123182

Aleksey A. Ivanov — Researcher

afectum@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1604-641XПанченкоВ. П.PanchenkoV. P.

пл. Академика Курчатова, д. 1, Москва, 123182

Панченко Виктория Петровна — начальник лаборатории

1 Kurchatov Sq., Moscow 123182

Viktoriya P. Panchenko — Head of Laboratory

vppanchenko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0169-5014ТабачковаН. Ю.TabachkovaN. Yu.

ул. Вавилова, д. 38, Москва, 119991

Табачкова Наталия Юрьевна — канд. физ.-мат. наук, старший научный сотрудник

38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991

Nataliya Yu. Tabachkova — Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Researcher

ntabachkova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-4240-7726ТапероМ. К.TaperoM. K.

ул. Вавилова, д. 38, Москва, 119991

Таперо Максим Константинович — инженер

38 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991

Maksim K. Tapero — Engineer

tapero.maksim@gmail.comЯрковИ. Ю.YarkovI. Yu.

Варшавское ш., д. 46, Москва, 115230

Ярков Иван Юрьевич — инженер

46 Warshavskoe Highway, Moscow 115230

Ivan Yu. Yarkov — Engineer

yarkovivan@gmail.comООО «РМТ»РоссияRMT Ltd.Russian FederationНациональный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт»РоссияNational Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"Russian FederationИнститут общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова Российской академии наукРоссияProkhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2024050320242717584Copyright © Лаврентьев М.Г., Воронов М.В., Иванов А.А., Панченко В.П., Табачкова Н.Ю., Таперо М.К., Ярков И.Ю., 20242024Лаврентьев М.Г., Воронов М.В., Иванов А.А., Панченко В.П., Табачкова Н.Ю., Таперо М.К., Ярков И.Ю.Lavrentev M.G., Voronov M.V., Ivanov A.A., Panchenko V.P., Tabachkova N.Y., Tapero M.K., Yarkov I.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/568

Проведено исследование прочностных характеристик и термоэлектрических свойств среднетемпературных поликристаллических образцов р- и n-типа проводимости PbTe и Sn0,9Pb0,1Te соответственно. Образцы получали методами экструзии и искровым плазменным спеканием. Изучение прочностных характеристик материала проведено методом одноосного сжатия при температуре от 20 до 500 °С. Структура полученных материалов исследована методами рентгеновской дифрактометрии и электронной микроскопии. Электропроводность и коэффициент Зеебека измерены одновременно с использованием четырехзондового и дифференциального методов. Температуропроводность и удельная теплоемкость определены методами лазерной вспышки и дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии. Методом экструзии и искровым плазменным спеканием получены однофазные и однородные по составу образцы PbTe и Sn0,9Pb0,1Te. При сопоставимых методах получения плотность дислокаций в образцах Sn0,9Pb0,1Te была на порядок меньше, чем в образцах PbTe. Исследование механических характеристик образцов n- и р-типа проводимости в широком диапазоне температур от 20 до 500 °С показало, что деформация является пластической без признаков хрупкого разрушения. Для таких пластичных материалов за критерий прочности принимали условный предел текучести, соответствующий напряжению при деформации 0,2 %. Для PbTe и Sn0,9Pb0,1Te предел текучести при 20 °С был значительно выше у образцов, полученных методом экструзии. Независимо от температуры и метода получения образцы Sn0,9Pb0,1Te были прочнее, чем PbTe. Образцы PbTe и Sn0,9Pb0,1Te, полученные методом экструзии, обладают более высокими термоэлектрическими свойствами, чем образцы, полученные искровым плазменным спеканием. При этом теплопроводность образцов PbTe и Sn0,9Pb0,1Te практически не зависела от способа компактирования.

The strength and thermoelectric properties of PbTe and Sn0.9Pb0.1Te medium-temperature polycrystalline specimens with p and n conductivity types, respectively, have been studied. The specimens have been produced using extrusion and spark plasma sintering. The strength parameters of the materials were studied using uniaxial compression at 20 to 500 °C. The structure of the materials was studied using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient were measured simultaneously using the four-probe and differential methods. The temperature conductivity and the specific heat capacity were measured using the laser flash and differential scanning calorimetry methods.

The PbTe and Sn0

The PbTe and Sn0.9Pb0.1Te materials produced using extrusion and spark plasma sintering prove to be single-phase and have homogeneous compositions. For comparable synthesis methods, the dislocation density in the Sn0.9Pb0.1Te specimens is by an order of magnitude lower than in the PbTe ones.

Study of the mechanical properties of n and p conductivity type specimens over a wide temperature range from 20 to 500 °C has shown that their deformation is plastic and has no traces of brittle fracture. For these plastic materials, the strength criterion has been accepted to be the arbitrary yield stress corresponding to the stress at a 0.2% deformation. The 20 °C yield stress of PbTe and Sn0.9Pb0.1Te is far higher for the specimens produced by extrusion. For all the test temperatures and synthesis methods the Sn0.9Pb0.1Te specimens have a higher strength than the PbTe ones.

The PbTe and Sn0

The PbTe and Sn0.9Pb0.1Te specimens produced by extrusion have better thermoelectric properties than the spark plasma sintered ones. The heat conductivity of the PbTe and Sn0.9Pb0.1Te specimens is almost the same regardless of compaction method.

термоэлектрические материалытеллурид свинцателлурид оловадинамическое сжатиетеплопроводностьтермоэлектрическая эффективностьthermoelectric materialslead telluridetin telluridedynamic compactionheat conductivitythermoelectric efficiencyРабота проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания НИЦ «Курчатовский институт».The work was conducted within State Assignment of the Kurchatov Institute Research Center.ReferencesHooshmand Zaferani S., Jafarian M., Vashaee D., Ghomashchi R. Thermal management systems and waste heat recycling by thermoelectric generators – an overview. Energies. 2021; 14(18): 5646. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185646Hooshmand Zaferani S., Jafarian M., Vashaee D., Ghomashchi R. Thermal management systems and waste heat recycling by thermoelectric generators—an overview. Energies. 2021; 14(18): 5646. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185646Luo D., Sun Z., Wang R. Performance investigation of a thermoelectric generator system applied in automobile exhaust waste heat recovery. Energy. 2022; 238: 121816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121816Luo D., Sun Z., Wang R. Performance investigation of a thermoelectric generator system applied in automobile exhaust waste heat recovery. Energy. 2022; 238: 121816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121816Burnete N.V., Mariasiu F., Depcik C., Barabas I., Moldovanu D. Review of thermoelectric generation for internal combustion engine waste heat recovery. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 2022; 91(01): 101009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101009Burnete N.V., Mariasiu F., Depcik C., Barabas I., Moldovanu D. Review of thermoelectric generation for internal combustion engine waste heat recovery. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 2022; 91: 101009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101009Champier D. Thermoelectric generators: a review of applications. Energy Conversion and Management. 2017; 140: 167—181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.02.070Champier D. Thermoelectric generators: a review of applications. Energy Convers. Manag. 2017; 140: 167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.02.070Zhang X., Zhao L.-D. Thermoelectric materials: Energy conversion between heat and electricity. Journal of Materiomics. 2015; 1(2): 92—105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2015.01.001Zhang X., Zhao L.-D. Thermoelectric materials: Energy conversion between heat and electricity. Journal of Materiomics. 2015; 1: 92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2015.01.001Wei J., Yang L., Ma Z., Song P., Zhang M., Ma J., Yang F., Wang X. Review of current hign-ZT thermoelectric materials. Journal of Materials Science. 2020; 55: 12642—12704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-04949-0Wei J., Yang L., Ma Z., Song P., Zhang M., Ma J., Yang F., Wang X. Review of current hign-ZT thermoelectric materials. Journal of Materials Science. 2020; 55: 12642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-04949-0Shtern M., Rogachev M., Shtern Yu., Sherchenkov A., Babich A., Korchagin E., Nikulin D. Thermoelectric properties of efficient thermoelectric materials on the basis of bismuth and antimony chalcogenides for multisection thermoelements. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2021; 877: 160328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160328Shtern M., Rogachev M., Shtern Yu., Sherchenkov A., Babich A., Korchagin E., Nikulin D. Thermoelectric properties of efficient thermoelectric materials on the basis of bismuth and antimony chalcogenides for multisection thermoelements. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2021; 877: 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160328Ngan P.H., Christensen D.V., Snyder G.J., Hung L.T., Linderoth S., Nong N.V., Pryds N. Towards high efficiency segmented thermoelectric unicouples. Advanced Materials Physics. 2014; 211(1): 9—17. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201330155Ngan P.H., Christensen D.V., Snyder G.J., Hung L.T., Linderoth S., Nong N.V. and Pryds N. Towards high efficiency segmented thermoelectric unicouples. Advanced Materials Physics. 2014; 211: 9. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201330155Shtern M.Yu., Rogachev M.S., Sherchenkov A.A., Shtern Yu.I. Development and investigation of the effective thermoelectric materials for the multisectional generator thermoelements. Materialstoday: Proceedings. 2020; 20(Part 3): 295—304.Shtern M.Yu., Rogachev M.S., Sherchenkov A.A., Shtern Yu.I. Development and investigation of the effective thermoelectric materials for the multisectional generator thermoelements. Materialstoday: Proceedings. 2020; 20: 295.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.10.066https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.10.066Li W., Poudel B., Nozariasbmarz A., Sriramdas R., Zhu H., Kang H.B., Priya S. Bismuth telluride/half-heusler segmented thermoelectric unicouple modules provide 12% conversion efficiency. Advanced Energy Materials. 2020; 10(38): 2001924. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202001924Li W., Poudel B., Nozariasbmarz A., Sriramdas R., Zhu H., Kang H.B., Priya S. Bismuth Telluride/Half-Heusler Segmented Thermoelectric Unicouple Modules Provide 12% Conversion Efficiency. Advanced Energy Materials. 2020; 10(38): 2001924. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202001924Zhao J., Xu W., Kuang Z., Long R., Liu Z., Liu W. Segmental material design in thermoelectric devices to boost heat-to-electricity performance. Energy Conversion and Management. 2021; 247: 114754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114754Zhao J., Xu W., Kuang Z., Long R., Liu Z., Liu W. Segmental material design in thermoelectric devices to boost heat-to-electricity perfomance. Energy Conversion and Management. 2021; 247: 114754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114754Das Raghu. Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting 2014-2024: Devices, Applications, Opportunities. IDTechEx. 2014; 96.Das Raghu. Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting 2014-2024: Devices, Applications, Opportunities. IDTechEx. 2014; 96.Goldsmid H.J. Bismuth telluride and its alloys materials for thermoelectric generation. Materials. 2014; 7(4): 2577—2592. https://doi/10.3390/ma7042577Goldsmid H.J. Bismuth telluride and its alloys materials for thermoelectric generation. Materials. 2014; 7: 2577. https://doi:10.3390/ma7042577Maksymuk M., Parashchuk T., Dzundza B., Nykyruy L., Chernyak L., Dashevsky Z. Highly efficient bismuth telluride-based thermoelectric microconverters. Materials Today Energy. 2021; 21: 100753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100753Maksymuk M., Parashchuk T., Dzundza B., Nykyruy L., Chernyak L., Dashevsky Z. Highly efficient bismuth telluride-based thermoelectric microconverters. Materials Today Energy. 2021; 21: 100753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100753Zulkepli N., Yunas J., Mohamed M.A., Hamzah A.A. Review of thermoelectric generators at low operating temperatures: working principles and materials. Micromachines. 2021; 12(7): 734. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12070734Zulkepli N., Yunas J., Mohamed M.A. and Hamzah A.A. Review of thermoelectric generators at low operating temperatures: working principles and materials. Micromachines. 2021; 17(7): 734. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12070734Su Ch.-H. Design, growth and characterization of PbTe-based thermoelectric materials. Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials. 2019; 65(2): 47—94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcrysgrow.2019.04.001Su Ching-Hua. Design, growth and characterization of PbTe-based thermoelectric materials. Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials. 2019; 65(2): 47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcrysgrow.2019.04.001Shtern Yu., Sherchenkov A., Shtern M., Rogachev M., Pepelyaev D. Challenges and perspective recent trends of enhancing the efficiency of thermoelectric materials on the basis of PbTe. Materialstoday: Communications. 2023; 37: 107083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.107083Shtern Yu., Sherchenkov A., Shtern M., Rogachev M., Pepelyaev D. Challenges and perspective recent trends of enhancing the efficiency of thermoelectric materials on the basis of PbTe. Materialstoday: Communications. 2023; 37: 107083.Knura R., Parashchuk T., Yoshiasa A., Wojciechowski K.T. Origins of low lattice thermal conductivity of Pb1-xSnxTe alloys for thermoelectric applications. Dalton Transactions. 2021; 50: 4323. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0DT04206Dhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.107083Maduabuchi C. Thermo-mechanical optimization of thermoelectric generators using deep learning artificial intelligence algorithms fed with verified finite element simulation data. Applied Energy. 2022; 315(1): 118943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118943Knura R., Parashchuk T., Yoshiasa A., Wojciechowski K.T. Origins of low lattice thermal conductivity of Pb1-xSnxTe alloys for thermoelectric applications. Dalton Transactions. 2021; 50: 4323. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0DT04206DLee M.-Y., Seo J.-H., Lee H.-S., Garud K.S. Power generation, efficiency and thermal stress of thermoelectric module with leg geometry, material, segmentation and two-stage arrangement. Symmetry. 2020; 12(5): 786. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12050786Maduabuchi C. Thermo-mechanical optimization of thermoelectric generators using deep learning artificial intelligence algorithms fed with verified finite element simulation data. Applied Energy. 2022; 315: 118943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118943Shtern M., Sherchenkov A., Shtern Yu., Borgardt N., Rogachev M., Yakubov A., Babich A., Pepelyaev D., Voloshchuk I., Zaytseva Yu., Pereverzeva S., Gerasimenko A., Potapov D., Murashko D. Mechanical properties and thermal stability of nanostructured thermoelectric materials on the basis of PbTe and GeTe. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2023; 946: 169364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.169364Lee M.-Y., Seo J.-H., Lee H.-S., Garud K.S. Power Generation, Efficiency and Thermal Stress of Thermoelectric Module with Leg Geometry, Material, Segmentation and Two-Stage Arrangement. Symmetry. 2020; 12: 786. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12050786Lavrentev M.G., Osvenskii V.B., Parkhomenko Y.N., Pivovarov G.I., Sorokin A.I., Bulat L.P., Kim H.-S., Witting I.T., Snyder G.J., Bublik V.T., Tabachkova N.Y. Improved mechanical properties of thermoelectric (Bi0,2Sb0,8)2Te3 by nanostructuring. APL Letters. 2016; 4(10): 104807. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953173Shtern M., Sherchenkov A., Shtern Yu., Borgardt N., Rogachev M., Yakubov A., Babich A., Pepelyaev D., Voloshchuk I., Zaytseva Yu., Pereverzeva S., Gerasimenko A., Potapov D., Murashko D. Mechanical properties and thermal stability of nanostructured thermoelectric materials on the basis of PbTe and GeTe. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2023; 946: 169364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.169364Zhu Yu., Wu P., Guo J., Zhou Y., Chong X., Ge Z., Feng J. Achieving a fine balance in mechanical properties and thermoelectric performance in commercial Bi2Te3 materials. Ceramics International. 2020; 46(10 Part A): 14994—15002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.029Lavrentev M.G., Osvenskii V.B., Parkhomenko Y.N., Pivovarov G.I., Sorokin A.I., Bulat L.P., Kim H.-S., Witting I.T., Snyder G.J., Bublik V.T., Tabachkova N.Y. Improved mechanical properties of thermoelectric (Bi0,2Sb0,8)2Te3 by nanostructuring. APL Letters. 2016; 4: 104807. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953173Zhu Yu., Wu P., Guo J., Zhou Y., Chong X., Ge Z., Feng J. Achieving a fine balance in mechanical properties and thermoelectric performance in commercial Bi2Te3 materials. Ceramics International. 2020; 46: 14994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.029Zhu Yu., Wu P., Guo J., Zhou Y., Chong X., Ge Z., Feng J. Achieving a fine balance in mechanical properties and thermoelectric performance in commercial Bi2Te3 materials. Ceramics International. 2020; 46: 14994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.029

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.