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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mateltech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Материалы электронной техники</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-3577</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-6387</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MISIS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1609-3577j.met202407.606</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mateltech-606</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Материаловедение и технология. Полупроводники</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SEMICONDUCTORS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Направленная кристаллизация твердых растворов Ge1-xSix</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Directional crystallization of Ge1-xSix solid solutions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6071-4132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косушкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosushkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пл. Академика Курчатова, д. 1, Москва, 123182</p><p>Косушкин Виктор Григорьевич — доктор техн. наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Kurchatov Sq., Moscow 123182</p><p>Victor G. Kosushkin — Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Leading Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vic_kos@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1207-5214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супельняк</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Supelnyak</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Академическая ул., д. 8, Калуга, 248033</p><p>Супельняк Станислав Игоревич — канд. физ.-мат. наук, научный сотрудник, отделение «Лаборатория космического материаловедения – Калуга» Курчатовского комплекса кристаллографии и фотоники НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8 Akademicheskaya Str., Kaluga 248033</p><p>Stanislav I. Supelnyak — Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Researcher, Department "Laboratory of Space Materials Science – Kaluga", Kurchatov Complex of Crystallography and Photonics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">supelnyak@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8410-9844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коробейникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korobeinikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Академическая ул., д. 8, Калуга, 248033</p><p>Коробейникова Елена Николаевна — научный сотрудник, отделение «Лаборатория космического материаловедения – Калуга» Курчатовского комплекса кристаллографии и фотоники НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8 Akademicheskaya Str., Kaluga 248033</p><p>Elena N. Korobeinikova — Researcher, Department "Laboratory of Space Materials Science – Kaluga", Kurchatov Complex of Crystallography and Photonics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">enkorob@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1737-6966</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрелов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strelov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Академическая ул., д. 8, Калуга, 248033</p><p>Стрелов Владимир Иванович — доктор физ.-мат. наук, главный научный сотрудник, отделение «Лаборатория космического материаловедения – Калуга» Курчатовского комплекса кристаллографии и фотоники НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8 Akademicheskaya Str., Kaluga 248033</p><p>Vladimir I. Strelov — Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Chief Researcher, Department "Laboratory of Space Materials Science – Kaluga", Kurchatov Complex of Crystallography and Photonics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">strelovvi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>295</fpage><lpage>305</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Косушкин В.Г., Супельняк С.И., Коробейникова Е.Н., Стрелов В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Косушкин В.Г., Супельняк С.И., Коробейникова Е.Н., Стрелов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosushkin V.G., Supelnyak S.I., Korobeinikova E.N., Strelov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/606">https://met.misis.ru/jour/article/view/606</self-uri><abstract><p>Технологические достижения за последние два–три десятилетия дают возможность получить монокристаллы Ge—Si как с переменным, так и постоянным аксиальным составом во всем непрерывном ряду твердых растворов, и тем самым обеспечить потребности в этом материале для научных исследований. Однако для рентабельности получения слитков твердых растворов в промышленных масштабах требуется полная автоматизация технологии выращивания монокристаллов Ge—Si на базе методов бестигельной зонной плавки и Чохральского. В случае применения этих методов, возможность достижения высоких градиентов температуры у фронта кристаллизации позволяет обеспечить рост совершенных монокристаллов при существенно более высоких скоростях кристаллизации расплава. В результате анализа опубликованных результатов исследований по получению твердых растворов германий—кремний оценены возможности развития технологии получения однородных кристаллов методами направленной кристаллизации расплавов.Установлено, что твердые растворы Ge1-xSix, обогащенные Ge, изучены недостаточно и требуют проведения фундаментальных исследований в связи с перспективным практическим применением. Предложена конструкция модифицированной установки для синтеза материалов с заданным составом и однородным распределением второго компонента по длине слитка при уровнях легирования менее 1 %. Разработанные в ходе выполнения исследования тепловые узлы позволили обеспечить тепловые режимы, благоприятные для образования твердого раствора Ge1-xSix. Результаты энергетического дисперсионного рентгеновского микроанализа свидетельствуют о вхождении кремния в поликристаллическую матрицу германия и распределении по всей длине кристалла.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As a result of the analysis of the published results of studies on obtaining solid solutions of germanium – silicon, the possibilities of developing the technology of obtaining homogeneous crystals by methods of directional crystallization of melts are estimated.Technological capabilities achieved in the last two or three decades make it possible to obtain Ge-Si single crystals with both variable and constant axial composition in the entire continuous series of solid solutions, and thereby meet the needs of scientific research. However, for the profitability of obtaining ingots of solid solutions on an industrial scale, complete automation of the technology of growing Ge–Si single crystals based on the methods of crucibleless zone melting and Czochralski is required. In the case of using these methods, the possibility of achieving high temperature gradients at the crystallization front allows for the growth of perfect single crystals at significantly higher rates of melt crystallization.It was established that Ge1-xSix solid solutions enriched with Ge have not been sufficiently studied and require fundamental research in connection with promising practical application. A design of a modified setup is proposed that allows for the synthesis of materials with a given composition and uniform distribution of the second component along the length of the ingot at alloying levels of less than 1%.The thermal units developed during the study allowed for thermal conditions favorable for the formation of the Ge1-xSix solid solution. The results of energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis indicate the incorporation of silicon into the polycrystalline germanium matrix and its distribution along the entire length of the crystal.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>монокристаллы</kwd><kwd>германий</kwd><kwd>кремний</kwd><kwd>направленная кристаллизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>single crystals</kwd><kwd>germanium</kwd><kwd>silicon</kwd><kwd>directional crystallization</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа произведена в рамках выполнения Государственного задания НИЦ «Курчатовский институт».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the State assignment of the National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basu R. 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